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Nandigram violence
The Nandigram violence was an incident in Nandigram in the West Bengal state of India, where the Communist Party of India (Marxist) forcefully tried to acquire land for SEZ. Farmers of the locality were adamant that they did not want to give up their land and agitated under the banner of Bhoomi Raksha Committee. Wile the then-governor was on air and no contact was available with him, the police entered the Nandigram area and violence erupted. The West Bengal government's plan was to expropriate of land for a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) to be developed by the Indonesian-based Salim Group for the industrialization. In the police shootings at least 14 villagers died and 70 more wounded.
The SEZ controversy started when the government of West Bengal decided that the Salim Group of Indonesia〔Far Eastern Economic Review October 1998〕 would set up a chemical hub under the SEZ policy at Nandigram, a rural area in the district of Purba Medinipur. The villagers took control of the area and all the roads to the villages were cut off. A front-page story in the Kolkata newspaper ''The Telegraph'' on 4 January 2007 was headlined, "False alarm sparks clash". According to the newspaper, the village council meeting at which the alleged land seizure was to be announced was actually a meeting to declare Nandigram a "clean village", that is, a village in which all the households had access to toilet facilities. However, later events indicate that the government had in fact decided to set up the chemical hub and the villagers' concerns were genuine. Following the villagers' objection to and protest against the acquisition of land in Nandigram for the proposed chemical hub, the chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee ordered the Nandigram land acquisition notification to be "torn up".
The chief minister said no notification had been issued for acquisition of land at Nandigram. A team of policemen had been sent to dissuade people from digging up roads. One police officer, Sadhucharan Chatterjee, aged 59, was killed while trying to repair a road dug up by protesters, and twelve other policemen were very seriously injured. The administration was directed to break the Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh Committee's (approximately translated from Bengali as "Committee to Oppose Uprooting from Lands") (BUPC) resistance at Nandigram, and a massive operation with at least 3,000 policemen along with armed cadres of the ruling Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M) was launched on 14 March 2007. Information of the impending action had been leaked out to the BUPC, and they amassed a crowd of roughly 2,000 villagers at the entry points into Nandigram, with women and children forming the front ranks. In the resulting mayhem, at least 14 people were killed. It was also alleged that BUPC was backed up and even was armed by Maoist rebels.
This incident played an important role in the politics of West Bengal for the next few years. Mamata Banerjee and her political party widely mentioned this issue along with the political war cry ''Ma Mati Manush'' in their election campaigns.
==Background==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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